What is Nagara Style of Architecture Used for Ram Mandirs Design?

The Nagara style of temple architecture, a prominent feature of North Indian temple design, has been selected for the construction of the grand Shri Ram Mandir in Ayodhya. This ancient architectural style, characterized by its distinctive features, offers a glimpse into the rich cultural heritage of northern India. In this article, we will explore the key elements of Nagara style temple architecture and its application in the design of the Shri Ram Janmabhoomi Mandir.

Nagara Style Architecture: An Overview

Nagara architecture is a traditional style of temple construction that originated in North India. It is characterized by its unique features, such as the absence of elaborate boundary walls and the presence of a single or multiple Shikharas (pyramidal towers), which often have a Kalash (circular finial) installed at the top. The Shikara, which plays a central role in the Nagara style, is square at the base and its walls slope inward to form a point, creating a pronounced curvilinear shape.

In the Nagara style of architecture, temples are typically built on a stone platform, accessible via steps. The central feature of the temple, the Garbhagriha (sanctum sanctorum), is invariably located directly below the highest Shikara, further emphasizing the prominence and importance of this sacred space.

Distinctive Features of Nagara Architecture

One of the defining features of Nagara architecture is the lack of extensive boundary walls or gateways, which is a significant contrast to the Dravidian architectural style that prevails in the South. In the Nagara style, the focus is often on the splendor and grandeur of the Shikara and the overall structural integrity of the temple. Another notable characteristic is the absence of elaborate water tanks and the presence of a covered pradakshina patha (circumambulatory path).

The Garbhagriha, the most sacred part of the temple, houses the principal deity and is often decorated with intricate carvings and sculptures. On the more prominent temple sites, Mandapas (pillared halls) are frequently situated in front of the Garbhagriha, providing a covered passageway for worshippers to reach the inner sanctum. Additionally, the Shikara serves as a visual focal point, and the Vahana (vehicle) of the main deity is often placed in a prominent position near the Shikara, providing a strikingly visible representation of the deity.

Adaptation of Nagara Style in Ram Mandir Design

The design of the grand Shri Ram Mandir in Ayodhya adheres closely to the principles of Nagara architecture. The Shri Ram Janmabhoomi Mandir, with its impressive dimensions of 380 feet in length, 250 feet in width, and 161 feet in height, showcases the majestic grandeur of this ancient architectural style.

Key elements of the Nagara style, such as the Shikara and the Garbhagriha, are prominently featured in the design of the Ram Mandir. The Shikaras of the temple, with their characteristic inward-sloping walls and Kalash finials, add to the imposing architecture. The Garbhagriha, where the deity of Shri Ram is enshrined, is housed beneath the tallest Shikara, emphasizing the sanctity and holiness of this central area.

Further Subdivisions of Nagara School

The Nagara school of architecture is further subdivided into different regional styles, including those from Odisha, Khajuraho, and the Solanki period. Each region has its unique style and features that complement the universal principles of Nagara architecture. This diversity in regional styles enriches the overall aesthetic and structural appeal of temples designed in this tradition.

As the grand Shri Ram Mandir prepares to rise in Ayodhya, it will be a magnificent example of the enduring legacy of Nagara architecture. The design and construction of the temple will reflect the rich history and cultural significance of this architectural style while providing a spiritual experience for devotees and visitors alike.

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