The Time and Method Behind Portrait Painting in Old Times

Introduction

In the past, the process of creating a portrait varied significantly based on the artist's style, the complexity of the painting, and the medium used. This article explores the time required for a portrait to be completed, from the initial sketches to the final brushstrokes.

Sitting Time

During the olden days, a subject would often have to sit for multiple sessions, each lasting from 1 to 4 hours. These sessions could span from several hours to several days. The artist aimed to capture the likeness of the subject during these sittings.

Total Painting Time

The overall time required to complete a portrait could vary greatly. From a few days to several weeks or even months, the process was highly time-consuming and labor-intensive. For example, detailed oil paintings would require longer drying times between layers, necessitating extended periods of work.

Factors Influencing Time

Artists' Technique

Some artists worked quickly, while others preferred a more meticulous approach. This variability played a significant role in the time required to complete a portrait.

Subject Complexity

More intricate backgrounds or elaborate clothing would increase the time needed. A skilled artist could capture a subject's likeness from multiple references, making the final portrait a work of art that could be completed in their studio.

Medium

Oil paints, in particular, required more drying time and careful layering, which was time-intensive. Other mediums like watercolor allowed for faster completion.

The Process Unveiled

Contrary to popular belief, the process of creating a portrait did not always involve a static, highly detailed sitter. The artist would often begin with preliminary sketches:

Preliminary Sketches

Before picking up a brush, the artist would make numerous sketches. These could be done in a corner with paper and a pencil, with the subject engaging in other activities such as reading or watching something. This stage did not require the subject to pose deliberately for long periods.

A skilled artist could create a realistic painting with minimal reference to the final sitter. Likeness was established from the preliminary sketches, and the final sitting with the model was primarily for fine details. The rest of the work was done in the artist's studio.

The Role of Apprentices

In some cases, apprentices would handle tasks such as painting background drapery, allowing the artist to focus on more challenging elements. This division of labor enabled artists to complete more work in less time, increasing their productivity and earning potential.

Leonardo da Vinci's Method

Leonardo da Vinci is known for his ability to fabricate backgrounds using the artist's imagination. His backgrounds in paintings are often a blend of observation and fantasy, showcasing the artist's creative vision beyond the confines of reality.

Subject Commitment

While the actual commitment from the subject could be minimal, typically lasting a few hours, only the wealthiest could afford such a luxury. Most subjects were too busy to sit for longer periods, and staying perfectly still for extended durations was challenging, especially for those unfamiliar with the process.

**Conclusion**

While individual sittings might be short, the full process of creating a portrait in the old times required significant time and effort. This labor-intensive nature of traditional painting methods highlights the dedication of both artist and subject in the creation of a masterpiece.