The Intriguing Myth of Schubert's Unfinished Symphony

When people think of Franz Schubert, the name 'Unfinished Symphony' immediately comes to mind. However, is this work truly unfinished, or has it been misinterpreted?

Myth of the Incomplete Symphony

The term 'Unfinished Symphony' is widely known for Schubert's eighth symphony, but many believe that this symphony was left incomplete at his death. It is true that he only composed two movements and another short, partially completed scherzo, which leaves the question: were these movements the only ones Schubert ever intended to complete?

Are the Movements Truly Missing?

Let's delve into the facts. While it is believed that Schubert began writing a third and fourth movement, these movements were either abandoned or never completed. However, the movements that do exist are not only complete in the sense that they can stand alone, but they are also considered masterpieces. These movements, along with the scherzo, showcase Schubert's unique talent and are a testament to his creative genius.

Controversy and Theories

Some argue that Schubert left the symphony incomplete out of artistic necessity or due to other personal or professional priorities. For instance, he did spend significant time working on his ninth symphony, another work that is highly acclaimed and beloved by music lovers.

Moreover, there is a theory that Schubert sketched the finale, which would have completed the symphony, but instead, he used part of this music for another piece. This piece, the B minor Entr'acte from the incidental music to Rosamunde, is a fitting end to the tale of Schubert's elusive completed symphony.

Compositional Insights

It is worth noting that Schubert's "Unfinished" Symphony was originally titled "Symphony in two movements," a title that may completely absolve it of any unfinished status. The concept of a four-movement symphony is not universal, and some composers have preferred shorter forms for their symphonies. One of the most renowned examples of a single-movement symphony is Beethoven's Coriolan Overture.

In the case of Schubert, his two movements are lush and beautifully crafted. Though we cannot know for certain what composed the missing movements might have been like, the two existing movements are a wonderful representation of his style and mood. Their similarity in mood and structure suggest that Schubert did not abandon the symphony, but rather found it unnecessary to continue.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the myth of Schubert's unfinished symphony is more than just a theory; it is a part of musical history. While Schubert did write only two movements, leaving the third and fourth unfinished, we must also consider the possibility that these movements might have been unnecessary. The two movements that do exist are a testament to Schubert's artistic vision and are as 'complete' as any other symphonic masterpiece in the repertoire.

Whether the symphony is truly unfinished or simply complete in a different way, it remains a fascinating and beloved piece of music. Its legacy continues to inspire admiration and discussion among music scholars, enthusiasts, and performers alike.