How to Treat Blood Under a Toenail (Hematoma) and Prevent Further Injury

Accidently stubbing your toe may seem like a minor injury, but it can lead to serious complications such as pain, swelling, and bleeding under the toenail or nail bed. This phenomenon, known as a hematoma, occurs when blood leaks from blood vessels into the space beneath the nail. Though it may look alarming, proper care and treatment can help manage the condition and prevent further injury.

Understanding Blood Under a Toenail (Hematoma)

When you stub your toe, you might notice that blood appears under the toenail or nail bed. This happens because the impact causes the blood vessels under the nail to break, leading to an accumulation of blood beneath the nail. If the injury is minor, the blood may eventually be reabsorbed by the body, leading to the loss of the nail. However, in more serious cases, the entire nail may come off, or a clot may form.

Immediate First Aid Steps

Following an injury, it’s crucial to take immediate first aid steps to alleviate pain and prevent further damage. Here are some essential steps:

Cold Compress

Apply a cold compress to the affected area for 15 minutes to reduce swelling and pain. You can use an ice pack or wrap some ice in a cloth to avoid direct contact with the skin.

Clean and Protect the Area

Wash the foot with mild soap and warm water to clean the area. Afterward, gently dry the area with a clean towel. Apply an antibiotic ointment or antiseptic spray to prevent infection. Cover the toe with a bandage to keep it clean and protected from further trauma.

Change Bandages Regularly

Change the bandage daily or as needed. Make sure to clean the toe and re-apply antibiotic ointment each time. For bedtime, consider leaving the wound open to prevent the bandage from rubbing against your socks and causing irritation.

Steps for Healing and Recovery

After initial first aid, your focus should be on proper care to allow the nail to heal and prevent complications. Here are additional steps to follow:

Nail Bed Care

If the blood has caused the nail to separate from the nail bed, you should quarantine the area from further injury. Keep the toe dry and clean. Soak the toe in salt water to help reduce swelling and alleviate pain. Apply a new bandage after each soak.

Prevent Further Injuries

To prevent further injury or complications, take the following measures:

Remove the Source of Injury

Take off any footwear that is causing continued pain or pressure on the toe. This will help you examine the source of the bleeding. If it's not the shoe, inspect the toenail bed for any signs of injury or infection.

Seek Professional Help

If you are unable to manage the condition on your own, seek medical attention from a professional. Ignoring the issue may lead to more severe complications, such as infection or permanent nail damage.

Conclusion

Treating a hematoma under the toenail requires careful and consistent care. By following these steps, you can help your toenail heal properly and reduce the risk of complications. Remember to keep the wound clean, protected, and dry to promote healing and prevent further injury.