A Comparative Analysis of Italianate and West Coast Stick Victorian Architectures

The Victorian era was a time of rich architectural diversity, with numerous styles emerging that reflected the changing tastes and technological advancements of the period. Two distinct architectural styles that flourished during this era are Italianate and West Coast Stick Victorian architecture. This article explores the key differences between these two architectural styles, their origins, characteristics, and the influence of their materials and decorative elements.

Origins and Influences

Italianate Architecture

Originating in the mid-19th century, Italianate architecture was heavily influenced by the Italian Renaissance. This style gained popularity in the United States during the 1850s to 1880s. Ethnically diverse in design, it was influenced by a variety of Italian architectural elements and styles, such as the use of classical columns, domes, and arched windows.

West Coast Stick Victorian Architecture

Developed primarily in the late 19th century, particularly in the Western United States, West Coast Stick Victorian architecture was influenced by earlier Gothic Revival styles. The predominant use of wood as a building material was a defining feature, which contributed to its distinctive aesthetic.

Key Features and Influences

Italianate Architecture

Roof: Flat or low-pitched roofs with wide overhanging eaves supported by brackets. Windows: Tall narrow windows often arched or with decorative headers. Porches: Prominent front porches often with columns or decorative railings. Materials: Typically built with brick or wood; often featuring decorative elements like cornices and moldings. Details: Use of ornamental details such as medallions, pilasters, and intricate window frames.

These architectural elements were designed to evoke a sense of grandeur and elegance, often emphasizing the rich, dark colors and textured materials. The result is a blend of classical formality and ornate detailing.

West Coast Stick Victorian Architecture

Roof: Steeply pitched roofs with gables and decorative trusses. Stickwork: Exposed wooden framework often used decoratively on the exterior, creating a "stick" pattern. Windows: Usually have double-hung sash windows often grouped together. Porches: Large porches that often wrap around the house supported by turned posts. Materials: Primarily wood, resulting in a more textured appearance due to the stickwork and other decorative wooden elements.

This style emphasizes the natural wood grain and intricate details, with a focus on simplicity and rustic charm. The use of wood throughout the architecture allows for a more organic and welcoming design.

Summary

In summary, while both styles are part of the Victorian architectural movement, Italianate architecture is characterized by its classical details and brick or masonry construction. In contrast, West Coast Stick Victorian architecture showcases a more rustic wooden aesthetic with decorative stickwork and steep roofs.

The choice of materials, decorative elements, and overall design philosophy distinguishes these two styles. Understanding these differences can help discern the unique characteristics of each, providing valuable insights into the architectural styles of the Victorian era.

Keywords: Italianate architecture, West Coast Stick Victorian, Victorian era